SEXUAL TRANSMITTED DISEASES

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are caused by infections that are passed from one person to another during sexual contact.

These infections often do not cause any symptoms. Medically, infections are only called diseases when they cause symptoms. That is why STDs are also called "sexually transmitted infections." But it’s very common for people to use the terms "sexually transmitted diseases" or "STDs," even when there are no signs of disease.

STIs caused by bacteria are generally easier to treat. Viral infections can be managed but not always cured. If you're pregnant and have an STI, prompt treatment can prevent or reduce the risk of infection of your baby.

Treatment usually consists of one of the following, depending on the infection:

Antibiotic:

  • Antibiotics, often in a single dose, can cure many sexually transmitted bacterial and parasitic infections, including gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia and trichomoniasis. Typically, you'll be treated for gonorrhea and chlamydia at the same time because the two infections often appear together.
  • Once you start antibiotic treatment, it's crucial to follow through. If you don't think you'll be able to take medication as prescribed, tell your doctor. A shorter, simpler treatment regimen may be available.
  • In addition, it's important to abstain from sex until you've completed treatment and any sores have healed.

 

Antiviral drugs

  • You'll have fewer herpes recurrences if you take daily suppressive therapy with a prescription antiviral drug. Antiviral drugs lessen the risk of infection, but it's still possible to give your partner herpes.
  •  Antiviral drugs can keep HIV infection in check for many years. But the virus persists and can still be transmitted, though the risk is lower.
  • The sooner you start treatment, the more effective it is. Once you start treatment — if you take your medications exactly as directed — it's possible to lower your virus count to nearly undetectable levels.

Approximately 20 different infections are known to be transmitted through sexual contact. Here are descriptions of some of the most common and well known:

  • Chlamydia
  • Gonorrhea
  • Genital Herpes
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
  • Syphilis
  • Bacterial Vaginosis
  • Trichomoniasis
  • Viral Hepatitis

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